(CNN) – A brain implant helped restore a man’s speech form more than 15 years after a stroke robbed him of his ability to speak, researchers reported Wednesday.
They call it a neuroprosthesis, and while he’s just a patient for now, the team at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) hopes their device can help other paralyzed people communicate.
“To our knowledge, this is the first successful demonstration of direct whole word decoding of the brain activity of someone who is paralyzed and unable to speak,” said Dr. Edward Chang, a UCSF neurosurgeon who led the research team.
“It is very promising to restore communication by harnessing the brain’s natural speech machinery,” Chang said in a statement.
The team implanted a series of electrodes over the area of the brain that controls speech in a man who suffered a stroke that left him paralyzed and unable to speak in his 20s.
“Since his injury, the movement of his head, neck and limbs has been extremely limited and he communicates by using a stylus attached to a baseball cap to mark letters on a screen,” UCSF said in a statement.
“His cognitive function was intact,” the team wrote in their report, published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
The man, now in his 30s, was asked to use a limited vocabulary while adjusting the device using computer algorithms to translate the electrical activity of his brain. These words were then projected on a computer screen.
UCSF has a video of the man using the device. “Good morning” is encouraged through a computer screen. “Hello”, comes the answer, a few seconds later, also written as text on the screen.
When asked “How are you today?” the patient responds hesitantly: “I’m fine.”
“We decoded sentences of the participant’s cortical activity in real time at a mean rate of 15.2 words per minute, with a mean word error rate of 25.6%,” the team wrote.
“We detected 98% of the participant’s attempts to produce individual words and classified the words with 47.1% accuracy using cortical cues that were stable over the 81-week study period,” the researchers said.
Finally, the patient, who asked not to be identified, helped the team create a vocabulary of 50 words that included some such as “yes,” “no,” “family,” “clean,” and “nurse.” These were expanded to full sentences like “No, I’m not thirsty.”
It is not a permanent solution: the electrode is a large device that is placed on the top of the skull and cannot be used continuously. But it’s also not a one-experiment wonder, the researchers said.
“In previously reported brain-computer interface applications, decoding models often require daily recalibration before implementation with a user,” the researchers wrote. This device, they said, is more stable.
“This is an important technological milestone for a person who cannot communicate naturally, and demonstrates the potential of this approach to give voice to people with severe paralysis and loss of speech,” said David Moses, a postdoctoral engineer in Chang’s lab. who worked in the studio.
“This trial is just the beginning. This is the first participant to have been in the trial and the first set of experiments that were part of this trial to show that this is possible,” Chang said.
“On the hardware side, we need to build systems that have higher data resolution to record more information from the brain and more quickly. On the algorithm side, we need to have systems that can translate these very complex brain signals into spoken words, not text, but oral and audible spoken words, “he added.
“Probably one of the most important priorities is to expand the vocabulary so that it is not limited to the 50 words that we start with, but something that can be generalized to all words in English, for example. We must also make sure that what we see in this participant can be seen with other people for a broader patient population. “
Other teams have tried to help paralyzed people speak.
In 2017, a team from the University of Tübingen in Germany used a cap with EEG sensors to help patients paralyzed by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) convey some simple thoughts.
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=2dd924b5-9245-43fb-ad76-b644e07fcbde
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=9febebfe-6c50-4cc2-b52b-d047bfe20ef8
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=86d7fa96-3cbe-405e-a827-b1baace0e3e6
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=a2e68451-eef4-4a91-8e1b-6efb070f8b50
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=af9adf92-3e08-4ef2-86bf-b0c33569b06b
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=0ab184ba-01f8-4c97-bc7f-050319d1959f
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=2d7a4e34-684c-46ef-8574-0fdbada97d6d
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=28344b21-84e5-4687-be0b-0677e2eb4f98
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=379242af-b613-438b-a0a7-c8e3407b2377
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=cad38a50-0c8a-437e-8cbd-84e35b636d75
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=30a6916b-83e5-4e91-939e-575100724eee
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=2dc1121e-b0fc-4b4d-9a4b-48f766770c1e
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=0c739c72-cfa0-47ab-a847-2e75867040b5
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=9b987e70-8bd5-432a-b2cb-fcc1c8785a20
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=5b4887b4-68f4-4493-994c-b751e3f85c02
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=8a8e2833-6347-4bf7-ac5d-fca0320753b5
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=db616f65-00b4-427c-be6a-30185c18bec0
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=0655a14f-c10f-48d3-88cf-a40487502b29
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=f7193a90-8f38-429c-a186-5caad961be30
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=b8554e7b-6db8-4909-887f-1d9c3999b382
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=8455e3a2-52a0-44a3-ab69-d85156f6b1ab
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=2054f69a-c8f5-4317-88b3-15af45093d12
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=cfae7641-43e2-4847-8a17-a1eb9106871c
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=eb37dd22-6264-4f8a-baf5-c1c7e1eeb89a
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=10a660a5-04fd-4893-9222-da13fb3b7375
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=9150bd18-9308-4ad9-8dc3-3f627ceb0ece
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=f9961f0a-8566-4285-bed6-2a38fec9dba0
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=0e247cfd-b394-4173-960f-0b4bd948843a
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=df6728f8-8e38-4f25-ac04-5129138b15f6
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=2aef2b98-01a5-443a-abfe-8241477998e5
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=3e253ba2-1b1a-4fa9-b58d-63b66e6e423a
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=52eb5be8-49a3-4a1d-a207-b11cd3d38328
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=0bfd6e46-4225-4f4a-8932-7be8309ed7ac
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=cf701a5f-5c3b-42be-a49a-0b18c5220d26
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=f85f5010-e2ec-442f-a594-a143fcd036e3
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=51179d41-c2f1-4347-9bdd-3b4af54287ca
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=271d057c-391d-4634-9984-bb8f270ccbd6
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=605447c3-b82f-4016-81a0-d510b8e52cb7
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=1d60b389-c1c1-4ead-9dfe-f5ce5445147b
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=8e7c6550-0060-4379-98ab-ee1483650ae9
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=33e32810-4054-4cb6-946e-4c375e4e069d
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=b859a860-5067-4dbf-897a-72a9fdb8673d
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=f19dfd7a-7a33-4844-9956-7c7dc458d21f
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=3ccb9165-80bb-4c41-a03d-591a5e6c294d
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=32805d32-5cd1-46ee-bb4d-559ff543c8aa
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=398de2d0-a1c5-428f-9caa-b7b52bec0341
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=c8e142a4-f770-4dfd-8014-55f231ffb5dd
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=edcb2cb5-2509-47de-966a-2465166e236f
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=39ea67e3-eda9-40e0-b194-54eb5853eedd
https://connect.ohnurses.org/profile?UserKey=aa70bb30-6f51-4da0-8e98-0a0c7430baa1