Crimes and crime, the numbers point to a steady decline over the past three pre-pandemic years

The crimes reported in Italy are steadily decreasing. The trend is underlined by the data of the Ministry of the Interior relating to the three-year period 2017-2019, therefore pre-Covid pandemic, which indicate a percentage drop in crime reports of 2% from the first to the second year and 3% from the second to the third respectively. year taken into consideration. Overall, these are over 100,000 fewer crimes committed and reported to the judicial authorities by all the police forces. The statistics on people reported and / or arrested also go in this direction, dropping by 2.5% in the observed period. Therefore, despite the fact that these are data relating to complaints, they represent a snapshot of the reality of crimes and offenses in our country. This is what emerges from the analysis carried out by Adnkronos in collaboration with Expleo on a rich panel of statistics made available by the Ministry of the Interior and in some cases by Istat. Specifically, the data come from the Central Statistics Office, the portal of the Ministry of the Interior which has the function of creating and disseminating the statistical production of the Ministry and from the Istat office for statistics on violence against women, for the period from 2017 to 2019. It is important to underline that since these are data relating to complaints, the statistics proposed also have social implications. In particular, the attitude to report crimes and offenses differs from one geographical area of ​​the country to another and in more detail between the different regions. The numbers that emerge therefore underline a greater or lesser social awareness, in addition to the presence and response capacity of the institutions on the territory, both at the level of the police and emergency response forces, and of welfare and social protection structures. Italy in figures Thefts, the highest number of reports in the North West In line with the decline in overall crimes recorded in the last years before the pandemic, thefts also marked a significant reduction both in the number of people reported / arrested and in that of victims, be they natural persons, movable property or commercial businesses. At a geographical level, the data of the Ministry of the Interior for 2019 indicate the North-West as the area with the highest number of reported crimes, over 322,000, followed by the Center with over 250,000 and the North-East with about 211,000. . Comparing total complaints and population, the region with the highest incidence of thefts is Lazio with 24 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, followed by Emilia Romagna (23 cases per 1,000 inhabitants), Lombardy and Tuscany (22 cases per 1,000 inhabitants). According to Istat data, among the regions with the highest number of people reported / arrested by the police forces to the judicial authority for theft in 2019 we find Lombardy (17,137) in first place, followed by Sicily (10,265), third place for Lazio (8,968). Among the age groups of people reported and arrested for theft, 27% are between 25 and 34 years old. But there is no shortage of minors or over 65s reported or arrested for this crime, especially for theft inside commercial establishments. Analyzing the specific category of thefts in commercial establishments, the 2017-2019 data confirm the general trend of reduction in the total number of people reported / arrested for many Italian regions (with the exception of Calabria, Puglia, Sicily, Umbria). Overall, we go from over 33 thousand crimes in 2017 to about 29 thousand in 2019. Comparing the data of the Ministry of the Interior on the crimes reported with the number of businesses detected by the National Observatory of Commerce, it turns out that in 2019 the region with greater incidence of thefts in shops was Lombardy (20%), then Emilia Romagna (18%) and Piedmont (14%). The regions with the lowest incidence were Basilicata (2.2%), Calabria (3.1%) and Molise (4%). Data that also depends on the lower number of commercial businesses and also on the limited number of reports of theft. Homicides: 2018, a dangerous year in Abruzzo The crime of homicide is regulated in the context of crimes against life and individual safety as indicated by the Criminal Code (Chapter I, Book II, Title XII) and includes, among others, 5 subcategories: deliberate and committed murders; infanticides; attempted murders; intentional homicides; manslaughter. According to what was reported by the Ministry of the Interior, in 2019 the people reported / arrested by the police forces to the judicial authorities were 4,911, down compared to 5,087 in 2018. The attempted murder is the category with the highest number of people reported (source: Ministry of the Interior) collected in 2019 (1.991), followed by manslaughter (1.916), in third place manslaughter from road accident (1.119). At the regional level, the realities that in 2019 record the highest number of people reported are Campania, Lombardy and Lazio. The scenario changes decisively by comparing the number of reported cases with the population. In this case, Calabria is the region with the highest homicide rate by number of inhabitants (0.017%), followed by Marche and Campania (0.011%). An anomalous case is represented by Abruzzo which in 2018 with 444 cases of people reported / arrested for murder reached an incidence of 0.034%, much higher than any other region. Murder is not a question for old people Thanks to the cross-analysis of the data of the Ministry of the Interior with the ISTAT data, it is possible to trace an identikit of the perpetrators of homicide offenses in Italy. In 2019, a total of 5,519 men and 831 women were reported / arrested for the different homicide classes, especially in the two age groups between 25 and 34 years and 35-44 years. At the geographical area level, 32% of the same come from the South, 2,063 out of 6,350 total. Of these 887 come from Campania (14% of the total), followed by Lombardy with 776 cases and Lazio with 672 cases. Victims, those over 65 are more at risk The ISTAT data also outline the characteristics of homicide victims who at national level in 2019 were a total of 4,244, of which 1,170 women and 3,074 men. In both cases the main cause of the crime is manslaughter. At the age group level, the highest number of victims recorded are over 65, with 1,156 victims in 2019 (744 men and 412 women). The majority of homicide victims are concentrated in the South with 1,037 crimes in 2019, but at the regional level Lombardy has the sad record with 584 victims in 2019, followed by Lazio 481 and Emilia Romagna 436.Stalking in constant growth Contrary to the general decrease in crimes and crimes, there are the numbers concerning violence against women, which have steadily increased in recent years. Starting with the crime of stalking which according to ISTAT statistics in the three-year period 2017-2019 marks an increase of 13% with a clear prevalence of female victims, over 12 thousand in 2019 with an increase of 16% compared to 2017, against approximately 3,800 men victims of this crime in 2019 with a + 4% compared to 2017. Among the 15,789 victims of stalking reported by the police forces to the judicial authorities, 76% which corresponds to 12,077 are women, mainly aged between 35 and 44 years old. The people reported and / or arrested for these crimes were 15,385 of which the vast majority were men (84%). This figure is also growing: from about 13,000 in 2017 to over 15,000 in 2019. Sexual violence, almost 5,000 reports a year If stalking is a serious crime that essentially involves the psychological sphere of the victim, mainly with threats and harassment that cause discomfort, anxiety and fear in the victim, the next and even more serious step is that of sexual violence. According to data from the Ministry of the Interior, in this category the crimes reported to the judicial authorities in 2019 speak of 4,870 reports, which are translated by crossing ISTAT data with 4,427 confirmed victims. Of these, 91% are women, the majority aged between 18 and 24. At the regional level, the incidence rate of the crime of sexual violence compared to the resident population sees Emilia Romagna in first place for the year 2019 with 556 complaints with a ratio of 0.013%, followed by Liguria (0.012%) and Valle d ‘ Aosta (0.010%). The crime is less frequently reported in Puglia (0.004% incidence rate), Campania and Umbria both with 0.006% rate. Violence against women: the data of the number 1522 1522 is the public service anti-violence and stalking number of the Equal Opportunities Department of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers. According to ISTAT, in 2019 8,427 women victims of violence asked for help from the telephone operators who provide first assistance to 1522. Comparing the number of victims with the number of resident women, the largest number of requests for help were collected in Lazio, Campania and Piedmont.