One hundred years ago, on October 28, 1922, the March on Rome took place, the paramilitary demonstration that favored the rise to power of Benito Mussolini. Called by King Vittorio Emanuele III, the future Duce and the quadrumvirs from Piazza del Popolo walk along Via del Corso to Piazza Venezia, for the obligatory stop at the Altare della Patria. Then he reaches the Quirinale on foot. Vittorio Emanuele III welcomes him as a savior of the homeland. The king would like to entrust him with power for a few months but Mussolini’s dictatorship will last for over 20 years. Given that the history of Italy will change – Following the policy of the ‘double track’, that is, combining the squad practice with the political compromise, Mussolini effectively implemented a new tactic of conquering power by means of a ‘conservative revolution’ with forms semi-legal. After a first gathering of squads held in Naples on October 24, and while the liberal leadership groups were confirmed hesitant and divided, the march began on October 26, with Perugia as the headquarters of the subversive demonstration. From here the quadrumviri (Balbo, Bianchi, De Bono and De Vecchi) appointed a few days earlier by Mussolini coordinated the operations. On October 27, about twenty thousand black shirts left from Santa Marinella, Tivoli, Monterotondo and, requisitioning railway convoys, headed for the capital, defended by 28,400 soldiers. Also on the 27th the attack of the fascist militias in various provinces began, with the capture of a series of prefectures. In the night between 27 and 28 the squads began to flow into Rome, although the resistance of the Arditi del Popolo blocked them in Civitavecchia and the army in Orte. At 6 am on 28 October the government chaired by Luigi Facta declared a state of siege, but King Vittorio Emanuele III (at 8:30) refused to countersign it and Facta resigned: the country was without a government and out of control. Facta resigned, the task of forming the new government was entrusted to Antonio Salandra and the hypothesis of a Salandra-Mussolini government was outlined, which also sectors of big capital looked favorably on. to other cities of the country, Vittorio Emanuele III entrusted the task of forming the government to Mussolini. The future Duce, who left Milan that same evening, arrived in Rome on the 30th morning to formally receive the post. With the formation of his government – of which liberal, popular, democratic and nationalist exponents were part of the fascists – began the long twenty years of the fascist dictatorship. Mussolini’s speech – During his inauguration speech before the Chamber of Deputies on November 16, Mussolini will present himself with the now infamous ‘bivouac speech’: “I could have made this deaf and gray hall a bivouac of maniples. bolt the Parliament and set up a government exclusively of fascists. I could: but I did not, at least in this first period, want to “.” He fooled everyone “: with this expression Cesare Rossi, Mussolini’s closest collaborator, commented on the role of the Duce in the success of the March on Rome. “Tutti” referred to Giovanni Giolitti, Francesco Saverio Nitti, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, Antonio Salandra, Luigi Facta, with whom Mussolini secretly and separately dealt with the presence of some fascist exponents in a coalition government. But it was Michele Bianchi, the main architect of the squad uprising, who forced the king to hand over the government of Italy to a leader of an armed party.