Over half a million Italians live in one of the 44 municipalities which is currently a police station for having been dissolved due to Mafia-type infiltration and conditioning phenomena. To overcome the threshold of 500 thousand inhabitants was the decision, taken on August 5 by the Council of Ministers, to resolve the dissolution of the Municipality of Foggia, whose management will be entrusted to an extraordinary commission that will guide it for a period between 12 and 18 months, with the mission to bring the administration back on the tracks of legality. This is calculated by Csel, the Study Center for Local Authorities, in a report prepared for Adnkronos. It is the second capital of the province that, from 1991 to today, runs into this destiny. Reggio Calabria was the forerunner in 2012. To calculate it is the CSEL, the Study Center for Local Authorities, in a report prepared for Adnkronos. Globally, in the same period of time, there have been 359 dissolution for mafia-type infiltration and conditioning. As many as 70 entities that have been dissolved more than once. During 2020, 54 extraordinary commissions administered the 52 municipalities (total population of 704,728 inhabitants) and the two provincial health authorities (Asp) that were affected by these measures. Calabria currently holds the sad record of the largest number of commissioned bodies: 15 municipalities plus one Asp. Followed by Sicily, with 14 administrations, Puglia with 7 and Campania with 6. The two regions that could be defined as “outsiders” with respect to the land in which organized crime have historically been rooted remain at one level. This is Basilicata, which last April witnessed the extension of the dissolution of the municipal council of Scanzano Jonico, in the province of Matera, and of the Aosta Valley. The latter is the only Northern Region in which an institution is currently dealing with a commissioner management but it was not the first. The dissolution of the municipal council of Saint Pierre, ordered in February 2020 and subsequently extended, as recalled by the Interior Ministry in the report on the activities of the Commissions presented on 19 May 2021, is the “ninth dissolutor measure ordered against a municipality in the north of our Country and the first that involved the aforementioned region and follows the dissolution measures arranged for the municipalities of Bardonecchia (Turin 2 May 1995); Bordighera (Imperia 24 March 2011, provision subsequently canceled in court); Ventimiglia (Imperia February 6, 2012, provision subsequently canceled in court); Leinì (Turin 30 March 2012); Rivarolo Canavese (Turin 25 May 2012); Sedriano (Milan 21 October 2013; Brescello (Reggio Emilia 20 April 2016); Lavagna (Genoa 27 March 2017) “. According to the Ministry of the Interior, this is the confirmation of a trend towards the” mafia relocation “which has now been The mafia gangs would be progressively shifting their aims towards municipalities that have “advantageous” economic situations. Even in the institutions of northern Italy, as well as elsewhere, the infiltration and conditioning of organized crime have mainly concentrated in sectors relating to public procurement and urban planning. The commissions are called upon to try to put these “derailed” administrations back on track and among their faculties there is also that of deciding, notwithstanding the current regulations, to temporarily assign, in a position of command or detachment of new administrative and technical staff – a step that is often essential to achieve the goal of restoring the kings gole given that, as highlighted by the Interior Ministry in the aforementioned report, “the widespread irregularities found, certainly attributable also to the conduct of local officials and managers, have highlighted a general impairment of administrative action that has increasingly deviated from the principles of legality and transparency, reflecting then on the regularity and efficiency in the provision of services for citizens. In other words, widespread neglect was noted in the protection of the public interest, attributable in part to the work of the staff but, above all, to the responsible inaction or tacit connivance of the political bodies which, in most cases, did not exercise the their own functions of control and political-administrative direction, leaving room for the associations and interests of organized crime “. The State has taken on over 50 million euros in 4 years for aid to small municipalities to carry out public works. This instrument is also accompanied by specific economic resources, designed to help these territories get back up. An example above all are the “cash advances to meet the payment of non-deferrable expenses”, provided for by art. 243-quinquies of the Consolidated Law on Local Authorities. Practically, the loans that the state makes to municipalities which, in addition to having been dissolved due to infiltrations, present structural budget imbalances capable of causing financial distress. These resources, to be repaid over the next 10 years, can only be used to cover basic expenses, which cannot be postponed: salary for employees, payment of mortgage or bond installments and coverage of essential local services. In the three-year period 2017-2019, 8 municipalities made use of it (Trentola Ducenta, Corleone, Scafati, Lamezia terme, Brancaleone, Scilla, Briatico and Vittoria). In total, just under 36 million euros have been allocated to them. The 2017 Budget Law also established a Fund, worth 5 million euros per year, intended to allow – starting from 2018 – the construction and maintenance of public works in local authorities that are in the condition of dissolution pursuant to art. 143 of the Tuel. 44 municipalities made use of it in 2018, 41 in 2019, 35 municipalities in 2020. The latest provision was announced on 7 July and divided the 2021 resources among 41 municipalities. Both in 2019 and in 2020, the 5 million euros ordinarily foreseen were accompanied by additional resources, redirected from other expenditure items, which led to the allocation of an additional 14 million and 76,940 euros for 2019 and 17,615,048 for 2020. Overall, therefore, the State has taken on over 50 million euros (51,691,988) in 4 years to allow, especially for small municipalities that have come under the crosshairs of organized crime, to be able to carry out works considered fundamental for their own community. The mechanisms for allocating these resources tend to favor smaller entities given that 60% of the resources are destined for entities with less than 15,000 inhabitants.
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